Scandinavian Working Papers in Economics

Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation,
Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies

No 496: Estimating the wage premia of refugee immigrants: Lessons from Sweden

Christopher F. Baum (), Hans Lööf (), Andreas Stephan () and Klaus F. Zimmermann ()
Additional contact information
Christopher F. Baum: Boston College, & CESIS
Hans Lööf: Royal Institute of Technology & CESIS
Andreas Stephan: Linnaeus University, DIW Berlin & CESIS
Klaus F. Zimmermann: UNU-MERIT & Maastricht Universit

Abstract: This article examines the wage earnings of refugee immigrants in Sweden. Using administrative employer–employee data from 1990 onward, approximately 100,000 refugee immigrants who arrived between 1980 and 1996 and were granted asylum are compared to a matched sample of native-born workers. Employing recentered influence function (RIF) quantile regressions to wage earnings for the period 2011–2015, the occupational-task-based Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition approach shows that refugees perform better than natives at the median wage, controlling for individual and firm characteristics. This overperformance is attributable to female refugee immigrants. Given their characteristics, refugee immigrant females perform better than native females across all occupational tasks studied, including non-routine cognitive tasks. A notable similarity of the wage premium exists among various refugee groups, suggesting that cultural differences and the length of time spent in the host country do not have a major impact.

Keywords: refugees; wage earnings gap; occupations; gender; employer–employee data; job-tasks; recentered influence function (RIF) quantile regressions

JEL-codes: C46; C55; J24; J31

Language: English

53 pages, First version: December 18, 2023. Revised: May 30, 2024.

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