Discussion Papers,
Statistics Norway, Research Department

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to quantify the relative importance of motivations based on warm-glow, social and moral norms and cost of time used recycling on household recycling efforts. We also test for crowding-out of intrinsic motivations when recycling is perceived as mandatory. We find that the most important variable increasing household recycling efforts is agreeing that recycling is a pleasant activity in itself, which may be interpreted as a warm-glow effect. The most important variable reducing household recycling is the opportunity cost of time spent recycling. We find no evidence of crowding-out of intrinsic motivation when recycling is perceived as mandatory. On the contrary, we find that governmental legislation increases household recycling efforts on most materials.

Keywords: Contingent valuation method; cost of time; household recycling; moral and social norms; ordered probit; simultaneous estimation of discrete- and continuous choice; warm-glow; crowding out.

JEL-codes: C20; C35; D12; D60; H42; H79; Q29 September 2004

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