Scandinavian Working Papers in Economics
Working Papers in Economics,
University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics
No 7: A Dynamic Model of Inflation for Kenya 1974 - 1996
Dick Durevall () and Njuguna S. Ndung'u
Additional contact information
Dick Durevall: Department of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg University, Postal: Department of Economics., School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg University, Box 640, SE 405 30 GÖTEBORG
Njuguna S. Ndung'u: Department of Economics, University of Nairobi, Postal: University of Nairobi, Department of Economics, P.O.Box 30197, Narirobi, Kenya
Abstract: This paper develops an error correction model with the aim of analysing the behaviour of prices in Kenya during 1974 -1996. In estimating the model, we first test for cointegration in the money and foreign exchange markets, using the Johansen procedure. The cointegrating vectors are then included in an autoregressive distributed-lag model, and a general-to-specific procedure is applied to obtain a parsimonious, empirically constant, error correction model. We find that in the long run inflation emanates from movements in the exchange rate, foreign prices, and terms of trade. The error correction term for the monetary sector does not enter the model, but money supply and the interest rate influence inflation in the short run. Inflation inertia is found to be an important determinant of inflation up until 1993, when about 40% of the current inflation is carried over to the next quarter. After 1993, inertia drops to about 10%. The dynamics of inflation are also influenced by food supply constraints, proxied by maize-price inflation. These findings indicate that the exchange rate is likely to be a more efficient nominal anchor than money supply, and that inflation could be made more stable by policies that secure the supply of maize during droughts.
Keywords: Kenya; Inflation; Inertia; Money demand; Food supply; Real exchange rate; Terms of Trade; Cointegration; Error Correction Model
44 pages, October 7, 1998
- Published as
- Dick Durevall and Njuguna S. Ndung'u, (2001), 'A Dynamic Model of Inflation for Kenya 1974 - 1996', Journal of African Economies, vol 10, no 1, pages 91-124
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