Working Paper Series,
IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy

Abstract: In-work benefits, often in the form of earned income tax credits (EITCs), have become increasingly popular over the last decades. Early versions of in-work benefits in the US, the UK and Ireland, primarily motivated as a poverty alleviation measure, have been followed by a large expansion of in-work benefits in other European countries, stressing employment goals rather than redistributive concerns. This review describes the in-work benefit schemes in a selection of countries across Europe and summarizes the evidence of these schemes. The selected countries are France, the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, Denmark, Finland and Sweden.

Keywords: Earned income tax credit; EITC; Europe; tax and benefit system

JEL-codes: H24; I38

51 pages, June 17, 2019

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