Scandinavian Working Papers in Economics
Working Paper Series,
IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy
No 2023:19: Health and labor market impacts of twin birth: Evidence from a Swedish IVF policy
Sonia Bhalotra, Damian Clarke, Hanna Mühlrad () and Mårten Palme
Additional contact information
Sonia Bhalotra: Department of Economics, University of Warwick, CEPR, IEA, IZA, CAGE, IFS, Postal: University of Warwick
Damian Clarke: bDepartment of Economics, University of Chile and IZA, Postal: Department of Economics, University of Chile and IZA,
Hanna Mühlrad: IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy, Postal: Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy, P O Box 513, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
Mårten Palme: Stockholm University, Postal: Department of Economics, Stockholm University
Abstract: In vitro fertilization (IVF) has allowed women to delay birth and pursue a career, but it massively increases the risk of twin birth. We investigate the extent to which having twins hampers women’s careers after birth. To do this, we leverage a single embryo transfer (SET) mandate for IVF procedures implemented in Sweden in 2003, following which the share of twin births showed a precipitous drop of 70%. Linking birth registers to hospitalization and earnings registers, we identify substantial improvements in women’s earnings following IVF birth, alongside improvements in maternal and child health and an increase in subsequent fertility. We provide the first comprehensive evaluation of SET. This is relevant given the secular rise in IVF births and the broader rise in the risk of twin birth.
Keywords: twins; IVF; single embryo transfer; career costs of children; gender wage gap; fertility; maternal health; neonatal health; gender
JEL-codes: I11; I12; I38; J13; J24
Language: English
93 pages, August 10, 2023
Full text files
https://www.ifau.se/...-swedish-ivf-policy/Full text
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