Scandinavian Working Papers in Economics

Working Paper Series,
Research Institute of Industrial Economics

No 1208: Supply Function Equilibrium over a Constrained Transmission Line I: Calculating Equilibria

Keith Ruddell
Additional contact information
Keith Ruddell: Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Postal: Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Box 55665, SE-102 15 Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract: Competition between oligopolist electricity generators is inhibited by transmission constraints. I present a supply function equilibrium (SFE) model of an electricity market with a single lossless, but constrained, transmission line. The market admits equilibria in which generator withhold energy in order to induce congestion, which further increases their local market power. Under appropriate assumptions on cost and demand functions, I obtain a planar autonomous system of ordinary differential equations for the SFE. Computational methods are developed to solve the system while respecting monotonicity constraints on the supply functions. Using these methods I can calculate SFE in network markets that range from fully isolated to fully integrated. I also find network markets for which the SFE is not unique.

Keywords: Supply function equilibrium; Electricity markets; Market power; Locational pricing of electricity

JEL-codes: C62; C65; D43; L13; L94

Language: English

52 pages, April 20, 2018

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