Scandinavian Working Papers in Economics

Working Papers,
Lund University, Department of Economics

No 2004:17: Testing for Stationarity in Panel Data Models when Disturbances are Cross-Sectionally Correlated

Kristian Jönsson ()
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Kristian Jönsson: Sveriges Riksbank, Postal: Macroprudential Division, Financial Stability Department, Sveriges Riksbank, SE-103 37 Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the effects of cross-sectional disturbance correlation on a previously suggested panel data stationarity test. We find that the previously suggested test has a serious size distortion if the disturbances to different cross sections are correlated. We suggest a new panel data test procedure that also tests the null hypothesis of stationarity. However, the test procedure that we suggest is robust against the presence of cross-sectional disturbance correlation, as well as serial correlation. Furthermore, the test has an approximate normal distribution and which makes p-values and critical values easy to obtain. By applying our test to investigate output convergence, we illustrate the adverse effects that can occur when neglecting to account for cross-sectional correlation when testing for stationarity in panel data models.

Keywords: Panel-Data Stationarity; Cross-Sectional Dependence; Output Convergence

JEL-codes: C15; C32; C33

25 pages, First version: June 4, 2004. Revised: November 26, 2004.

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