Scandinavian Working Papers in Economics

Discussion Paper Series in Economics,
Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics

No 1/2018: The Effects of a Day Off from Retail Price Competition: Evidence on Consumer Behavior and Firm Performance in Gasoline Retailing.

Øystein Foros (), Mai Nguyen-Ones () and Steen Frode ()
Additional contact information
Øystein Foros: NHH, Department of Business and Management Science, Postal: NHH , Department of Business and Management Science, Helleveien 30, N-5045 Bergen, Norway
Mai Nguyen-Ones: NHH, Department of Business and Management Science, Postal: NHH , Department of Business and Management Science, Helleveien 30, N-5045 Bergen, Norway
Steen Frode: Dept. of Economics, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration, Postal: NHH , Department of Economics, Helleveien 30, N-5045 Bergen, Norway

Abstract: First, we analyze how regular days off from competition and a time-dependent price pattern affect firm performance. Second, we examine the effects on firms' profitability from consumers’ changing search- and timing behavior. We use microdata from gasoline retailing in Norway. Since 2004, firms have practiced an industry-wide day off from competition, starting on Mondays at noon, by increasing prices to a common level given by the recommended prices (decided and published in advance). In turn, a foreseeable low-price window is open before every restoration. During the data period, we observe an additional weekly restoration on Thursdays at noon. The additional day off from competition increases firm performance. As expected, a conventional price search of where to buy reduces firms’ profitability. In contrast, consumers who are aware of the cycle and spend effort on when to buy have a positive impact on firms’ profitability. If consumers spend effort on when to buy, they attempt to tank during low price windows. By its very nature, this shrink consumers’ ability to compare prices at several outlets. Consequently, more attention to when to buy may soften price competition.

Keywords: Pricing cycles; Firm performance; Gasoline markets

JEL-codes: D22; L25; L42; L81

45 pages, November 16, 2017

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